MCTS 70-536 Links a MSDN en castellano 7/7

Implementing globalization, drawing, and text manipulation functionality in a .NET Framework application Format data based on culture information. (Refer System.Globalization namespace) Access culture and region information in a .NET Framework application. CultureInfo class CultureTypes enumeration RegionInfo class Format date and time values based on the culture. DateTimeFormatInfo class Format number values based on the culture. NumberFormatInfo class NumberStyles enumeration Perform culture-sensitive string comparison. CompareInfo class CompareOptions enumeration Build a custom culture class based on existing culture and region classes. CultureAndRegionInfoBuilder class CultureAndRegionModifier enumeration Enhance the user interface of a .NET Framework application by using the System.Drawing namespace. Enhance the user interface of a .NET Framework application by using brushes, pens, colors, and fonts. Brush class Brushes class SystemBrushes class TextureBrush class Pen class Pens class SystemPens class SolidBrush class Color structure ColorConverter class ColorTranslator class SystemColors class StringFormat class Font class FontConverter class FontFamily class SystemFonts class Enhance the user interface of a .NET Framework application by using graphics, images, bitmaps, and icons. Graphics class BufferedGraphics class BufferedGraphicsManager class Image class ImageConverter class ImageAnimator class Bitmap class Icon class IconConverter class SystemIcons class Enhance the user interface of a .NET Framework application by using shapes and sizes. Point Structure PointConverter class Rectangle Structure RectangleConverter class Size Structure SizeConverter class Region class Enhance the text handling capabilities of a .NET Framework application (refer System.Text namespace), and search, modify, and control text in a .NET Framework application by using regular expressions. (Refer System.Text.RegularExpressions namespace) StringBuilder class Regex class Match class and MatchCollection class Group class and GroupCollection class Encode text by using Encoding classes Encoding class EncodingInfo class ASCIIEncoding class UnicodeEncoding class UTF8Encoding class EncodingFallback class EncoderFallbackBuffer class EncoderFallbackException class Decode text by using Decoding classes. Decoder class DecoderFallback class DecoderFallbackBuffer class DecoderFallbackException class Capture class and CaptureCollection class

MCTS 70-536 Links a MSDN en castellano 6/7

Implementing interoperability, reflection, and mailing functionality in a .NET Framework application .NET Framework components to COM. (Refer System.Runtime.InteropServices namespace) Import a type library as an assembly. Add references to type libraries. Type Library Importer (Tlbimp.exe) Generate interop assemblies from type libraries. Imported Library Conversion Imported Module Conversion Imported Type Conversion Imported Member Conversion Imported Parameter Conversion TypeConverter class Create COM types in managed code. Compile an interop project. Deploy an interop application. Qualify the .NET Framework types for interoperation. Apply Interop attributes, such as the ComVisibleAttribute class. Package an assembly for COM. Deploy an application for COM access. Call unmanaged DLL functions in a .NET Framework application, and control the marshaling of data in a .NET Framework application. (Refer System.Runtime.InteropServices namespace) Platform Invoke Create a class to hold DLL functions. Create prototypes in managed code. DllImportAttribute class Call a DLL function. Call a DLL function in special cases, such as passing structures and implementing callback functions. Create a new Exception class and map it to an HRESULT. Default marshaling behavior Marshal data with Platform Invoke Marshal data with COM Interop MarshalAsAttribute class and Marshal class Implement reflection functionality in a .NET Framework application (refer System.Reflection namespace), and create metadata, Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL), and a PE file by using the System.Reflection.Emit namespace. Assembly class Assembly attributes AssemblyAlgorithmIdAttribute class AssemblyCompanyAttribute class AssemblyConfigurationAttribute class AssemblyCopyrightAttribute class AssemblyCultureAttribute class AssemblyDefaultAliasAttribute class AssemblyDelaySignAttribute class AssemblyDescriptionAttribute class AssemblyFileVersionAttribute class AssemblyFlagsAttribute class AssemblyInformationalVersionAttribute class AssemblyKeyFileAttribute class AssemblyTitleAttribute class AssemblyTrademarkAttribute class AssemblyVersionAttribute class Info classes ConstructorInfo class MethodInfo class MemberInfo class PropertyInfo class FieldInfo class EventInfo class LocalVariableInfo class Binder class and BindingFlags enumeration MethodBase class and MethodBody class Builder classes AssemblyBuilder class ConstructorBuilder class EnumBuilder class EventBuilder class FieldBuilder class LocalBuilder class MethodBuilder class ModuleBuilder class ParameterBuilder class PropertyBuilder class TypeBuilder class Send electronic mail to a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) server for delivery from a .NET Framework application. (Refer System.Net.Mail namespace) MailMessage class MailAddress class and MailAddressCollection class SmtpClient class, SmtpPermission class, and SmtpPermissionAttribute class Attachment class, AttachmentBase class, and AttachmentCollection class SmtpException class, SmtpFailedReceipientException class, and SmtpFailedReceipientsException class SendCompletedEventHandler delegate LinkedResource class and LinkedResourceCollection class AlternateView class and AlternateViewCollection class

MCTS 70-536 Links a MSDN en castellano 5/7

Improving the security of the .NET Framework applications by using the .NET Framework 2.0 security features Implement code access security to improve the security of a .NET Framework application. (Refer System.Security namespace) SecurityManager class CodeAccessPermission class Modify the Code Access security policy at the computer, user, and enterprise policy level by using the Code Access Security Policy tool (Caspol.exe). PermissionSet class and NamedPermissionSet classStandard Security interfaces IEvidenceFactory interface IPermission interface Implement access control by using the System.Security.AccessControl classes. DirectorySecurity class, FileSecurity class, FileSystemSecurity class, and RegistrySecurity class AccessRule class AuthorizationRule class and AuthorizationRuleCollection class CommonAce class, CommonAcl class, CompoundAce class, GenericAce class, and GenericAcl class AuditRule class MutexSecurity class, ObjectSecurity class, and SemaphoreSecurity class Implement a custom authentication scheme by using the System.Security.Authentication classes. (Refer System.Security.Authentication namespace) Authentication algorithms and SSL protocols Encrypt, decrypt, and hash data by using the System.Security.Cryptography classes. (Refer System.Security.Cryptography namespace) DES class and DESCryptoServiceProvider class HashAlgorithm class DSA class and DSACryptoServiceProvider class SHA1CryptoServiceProvider class TripleDES and TripleDESCryptoServiceProvider class MD5 class and MD5CryptoServiceProvider class RSA class and RSACryptoServiceProvider class RandomNumberGenerator class CryptoConfig class RC2 class and RC2CryptoServiceProvider class AssymetricAlgorithm class ProtectedData class and ProtectedMemory class RijndaelManaged class and RijndaelManagedTransform class CspParameters class CryptoAPITransform class Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) HMACMD5 class HMACRIPEMD160 class HMACSHA1 class HMACSHA256 class HMACSHA384 class HMACSHA512 class Control permissions for resources by using the System.Security.Permissions classes. (Refer System.Security.Permissions namespace) SecurityPermission class PrincipalPermission class FileIOPermission class StrongNameIdentityPermission class UIPermission class UrlIdentityPermission class PublisherIdentityPermission class GacIdentityPermission class FileDialogPermission class DataProtectionPermission class EnvironmentPermission class IUnrestrictedPermission interface RegistryPermission class IsolatedStorageFilePermission class KeyContainerPermission class ReflectionPermission class StorePermission class SiteIdentityPermission class ZoneIdentityPermission class Control code privileges by using System.Security.Policy classes. (Refer System.Security.Policy namespace) ApplicationSecurityInfo class and ApplicationSecurityManager class ApplicationTrust class andApplicationTrustCollection class Evidence class andPermissionRequestEvidence class CodeGroup class, FileCodeGroup class, FirstMatchCodeGroup class, NetCodeGroup class, and UnionCodeGroup class Condition classes AllMembershipCondition class ApplicationDirectory class and ApplicationDirectoryMembershipCondition class GacInstalled class and GacMembershipCondition class Hash class and HashMembershipCondition class Publisher class and PublisherMembershipCondition class Site class and SiteMembershipCondition class StrongName class and StrongNameMembershipCondition class Url class and UrlMembershipConditon class Zone class and ZoneMembershipCondition class PolicyLevel class and PolicyStatement class IApplicationTrustManager interface, IMembershipCondition interface, and IIdentityPermissionFactory interface Access and modify identity information by using the System.Security.Principal classes. (Refer System.Security.Principal namespace) GenericIdentity class and GenericPrincipal class WindowsIdentity class and WindowsPrincipal class NTAccount class and SecurityIdentifier class IIdentity interface and IPrincipal interface WindowsImpersonationContext class IdentityReference class and IdentityReferenceCollection class

MCTS 70-536 Links a MSDN en castellano 4/7

Implementing serialization and input/output functionality in a .NET Framework application Serialize or deserialize an object or an object graph by using runtime serialization techniques. (Refer System.Runtime.Serialization namespace) Serialization interfaces IDeserializationCallback interface IFormatter interface and IFormatterConverter interface ISerializable interface Serilization attributes OnDeserializedAttribute class and OnDeserializingAttribute class OnSerializedAttribute class and OnSerializingAttribute class OptionalFieldAttribute class SerializationEntry structure and SerializationInfo class ObjectManager class Formatter class, FormatterConverter class, and FormatterServices class StreamingContext structure Control the serialization of an object into XML format by using the System.Xml.Serialization namespace. Serialize and deserialize objects into XML format by using the XmlSerializer class. Control serialization by using serialization attributes. Implement XML Serialization interfaces to provide custom formatting for XML serialization. Delegates and event handlers are provided by the System.Xml.Serialization namespace Implement custom serialization formatting by using the Serialization Formatter classes. SoapFormatter class (Refer System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Soap namespace) BinaryFormatter class (Refer System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary namespace) Access files and folders by using the File System classes. (Refer System.IO namespace) File class and FileInfo class Directory class and DirectoryInfo class DriveInfo class and DriveType enumeration FileSystemInfo class and FileSystemWatcher class Path class ErrorEventArgs class and ErrorEventHandler delegate RenamedEventArgs class and RenamedEventHandler delegate Manage byte streams by using Stream classes. (Refer System.IO namespace) FileStream class Stream class MemoryStream class BufferedStream class Manage the .NET Framework application data by using Reader and Writer classes. (Refer System.IO namespace) StringReader class and StringWriter class TextReader class and TextWriter class StreamReader class and StreamWriter class BinaryReader class and BinaryWriter class Compress or decompress stream information in a .NET Framework application (refer System.IO.Compression namespace), and improve the security of application data by using isolated storage. (Refer System.IO.IsolatedStorage namespace) IsolatedStorageFile class IsolatedStorageFileStream class DeflateStream class GZipStream class

70-536 Links a MSDN en español 3/7

Embedding configuration, diagnostic, management, and installation features into a .NET Framework application Embed configuration management functionality into a .NET Framework application. (Refer System.Configuration namespace) Configuration class and ConfigurationManager class ConfigurationSettings class, ConfigurationElement class, ConfigurationElementCollection class, and ConfigurationElementProperty class Implement IConfigurationSectionHandler interface ConfigurationSection class, ConfigurationSectionCollection class, ConfigurationSectionGroup class, and ConfigurationSectionGroupCollection class Implement ISettingsProviderService interface Implement IApplicationSettingsProvider interface ConfigurationValidatorBase class Implement IConfigurationSystem interface Create a custom Microsoft Windows Installer for the .NET Framework components by using the System.Configuration.Install namespace, and configure the .NET Framework applications by using configuration files, environment variables, and the .NET Framework Configuration tool (Mscorcfg.msc). Installer class Configure which runtime version a .NET Framework application should use. Configure where the runtime should search for an assembly. Configure the location of an assembly and which version of the assembly to use. Direct the runtime to use the DEVPATH environment variable when you search for assemblies. AssemblyInstaller class ComponentInstaller class Configure a .NET Framework application by using the .NET Framework Configuration tool (Mscorcfg.msc). ManagedInstaller class InstallContext class InstallerCollection class Implement IManagedInstaller interface InstallEventHandler delegate Configure concurrent garbage collection. Register remote objects by using configuration files. Manage an event log by using the System.Diagnostics namespace. Write to an event log. Read from an event log. Create a new event log. Manage system processes and monitor the performance of a .NET Framework application by using the diagnostics functionality of the .NET Framework 2.0. (Refer System.Diagnostics namespace) Get a list of all running processes. Retrieve information about the current process. Get a list of all modules that are loaded by a process. PerformanceCounter class, PerformanceCounterCategory, and CounterCreationData class Start a process both by using and by not using command-line arguments. StackTrace class StackFrame class Debug and trace a .NET Framework application by using the System.Diagnostics namespace. Debug class and Debugger class Trace class, CorrelationManager class, TraceListener class, TraceSource class, TraceSwitch class, XmlWriterTraceListener class, DelimitedListTraceListener class, and EventlogTraceListener class Debugger attributes DebuggerBrowsableAttribute class DebuggerDisplayAttribute class DebuggerHiddenAttribute class DebuggerNonUserCodeAttribute class DebuggerStepperBoundaryAttribute class DebuggerStepThroughAttribute class DebuggerTypeProxyAttribute class DebuggerVisualizerAttribute class Embed management information and events into a .NET Framework application. (Refer System.Management namespace) Retrieve a collection of Management objects by using the ManagementObjectSearcher class and its derived classes. Enumerate all disk drivers, network adapters, and processes on a computer. Retrieve information about all network connections. Retrieve information about all services that are paused. ManagementQuery class EventQuery class ObjectQuery class Subscribe to management events by using the ManagementEventWatcher class.

70-536 Links a MSDN en castellano 2/7

Implementing service processes, threading, and application domains in a .NET Framework application

1. Implement, install, and control a service. (Refer System.ServiceProcess namespace)
   
   • Inherit from ServiceBase class
     
   • ServiceController class and ServiceControllerPermission class
     
   • ServiceInstaller and ServiceProcessInstaller class
     
   • SessionChangeDescription structure and SessionChangeReason enumeration
   
   
   
2. Develop multithreaded .NET Framework applications. (Refer System.Threading namespace)
   
   • Thread class
     
   • ThreadPool class
     
   • ThreadStart delegate, ParameterizedThreadStart delegate, and SynchronizationContext class
     
   • Timeout class, Timer class, TimerCallback delegate, WaitCallback delegate, WaitHandle class, and WaitOrTimerCallback delegate
     
   • ThreadExceptionEventArgs class and ThreadExceptionEventHandler delegate
     
   • ThreadState enumeration and ThreadPriority enumeration
     
   • ReaderWriterLock class
     
   • AutoResetEvent class and ManualResetEvent class
     
   • IAsyncResult interface (Refer System namespace)
     
   • EventWaitHandle class, RegisterWaitHandle class, SendOrPostCallback delegate, and IOCompletionCallback delegate
     
   • Interlocked class, NativeOverlapped structure, and Overlapped class
     
   • ExecutionContext class, HostExecutionContext class, HostExecutionContextManager class, and ContextCallback delegate
     
   • LockCookie structure, Monitor class, Mutex class, and Semaphore class
   
   
   
3. Create a unit of isolation for common language runtime in a .NET Framework application by using application domains. (Refer System namespace)
   
   • Create an application domain.
     
   • Unload an application domain.
     
   • Configure an application domain.
     
   • Retrieve setup information from an application domain.
     
   • Load assemblies into an application domain.
     

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70-536 Links a MSDN en castellano 1/7

Developing applications that use system types and collections Manage data in a .NET Framework application by using the .NET Framework 2.0 system types. (Refer System namespace) Value types Nullable types Reference types Attributes Generic types Exception classes Boxing and UnBoxing TypeForwardedToAttribute Class Manage a group of associated data in a .NET Framework application by using collections. (Refer System.Collections namespace) ArrayList class Collection interfaces ICollection interface and IList interface IComparer interface and IEqualityComparer interface IDictionary interface and IDictionaryEnumerator interface IEnumerable interface and IEnumerator interface IHashCodeProvider interface Iterators Hashtable class CollectionBase class and ReadOnlyCollectionBase class DictionaryBase class and DictionaryEntry class Comparer class Queue class SortedList class BitArray class Stack class Improve type safety and application performance in a .NET Framework application by using generic collections. (Refer System.Collections.Generic namespace) Collection.Generic interfaces Generic IComparable interface (Refer System namespace) Generic ICollection interface and Generic IList interface Generic IComparer interface and Generic IEqualityComparer interface Generic IDictionary interface Generic IEnumerable interface and Generic IEnumerator interface IHashCodeProvider interface Generic Dictionary Generic Dictionary class and Generic Dictionary.Enumerator structure Generic Dictionary.KeyCollection class and Dictionary.KeyCollection.Enumerator structure Generic Dictionary.ValueCollection class and Dictionary.ValueCollection.Enumerator structure Generic Comparer class and Generic EqualityComparer class Generic KeyValuePair structure Generic List class, Generic List.Enumerator structure, and Generic SortedList class Generic Queue class and Generic Queue.Enumerator structure Generic SortedDictionary class Generic LinkedList Generic LinkedList class Generic LinkedList.Enumerator structure Generic LinkedListNode class Generic Stack class and Generic Stack.Enumerator structure Manage data in a .NET Framework application by using specialized collections. (Refer System.Collections.Specialized namespace) Specialized String classes StringCollection class StringDictionary class StringEnumerator class Specialized Dictionary HybridDictionary class IOrderedDictionary interface and OrderedDictionary class ListDictionary class Named collections NameObjectCollectionBase class NameObjectCollectionBase.KeysCollection class NameValueCollection class CollectionsUtil BitVector32 structure and BitVector32.Section structure Implement .NET Framework interfaces to cause components to comply with standard contracts. (Refer System namespace) IComparable interface IDisposable interface IConvertible interface ICloneable interface IEquatable interface IFormattable interface Control interactions between .NET Framework application components by using events and delegates. (Refer System namespace) Delegate class EventArgs class EventHandler delegates

CH01- Resumen - Preguntas y Respuestas

Resumen Capítulo 1

*- La plataforma .NET da soporte al CLS (Common Language Specification), el cual detalla el comportamiento que deben tener los lenguajes compatibles. Incluye la especificación de tipos comunes (CTS – Common Type Specifications) detallando los tipos para todos los lenguajes .NET

*- C# es el lenguaje ideal para el desarrollo de cualquier tipo de aplicaciones de la plataforma .NET

*- El programa Hola Mundo ilustra los fundamentos de cualquier programa en C#

*- Los pasos a seguir son: escribir el código fuente en un archivo .cs, compilar y ejecutar.

*- El producto de la compilación no es código nativo sino que es código IL (Microsoft Intermediate Language). El CLR () convierte este código IL en un programa ejecutable en un proceso conocido como JIT (Just in Time)


Preguntas y Respuestas – Capítulo 1

1- Qué es ADO.NET?
Es la tecnología incluida en el Framework como reemplazo de ADO; provee un modelo de objetos para interactuar con proveedores de datos como por ejemplo bases de datos relacionales.

2- Qué es MSIL?
Es el código generado por el compilador. Se trata de código intermedio que es utilizado por el JIT para la generación de código ejecutable. La principal ventaja de este código IL es que diferentes lenguajes compatibles con .NET generan IL casi idéntico lo que permite utilizar componentes desarrollados en un lenguaje diferente siempre y cuando respete el CLS.

3- Cuales son los tipos de comentarios soportados en C#?
Existen tres tipos de comentarios soportados en C#. Los comentarios de bloque (/**/), los comentarios que afectan una sola línea de código (//) y por ultimo los comentarios de documentación XML (///)

4- Qué es un namespace?
Es simplemente una forma de organizar la jerarquía de clases comunes.


En la próxima entrada comenzaremos con el capítulo 2 de este tutorial donde veremos los fundamentos del lenguaje

CH01-02 - Primer programa en C# - Parte II

En esta entrada seguiremos viendo los elementos constitutivos de un programa simple en C#

Comentarios:
En este ejemplo simple podemos ver una línea que comienza con dos barras (//)

//Imprimir en pantalla

Esta línea se trata de un comentario en C#, no es mas que una nota o recordatorio o como su nombre lo indica un comentario :) que el desarrollador puede escribir sin afectar en nada la normal ejecución del programa. C# tiene soporte para tres tipos de comentarios como se detalla en la siguiente lista:

* Comentarios de bloque al estilo de C /* */
* Comentarios de línea al estilo C++
* Comentarios de documentación XML ///

Los comentarios al estilo C son utilizados para comentar bloques de código completos usualmente de muchas líneas. Comienzan con barra-asterisco y cierran con asterisco-barra. Por lo general se utiliza para deshabilitar de forma temporal bloques de código.

Los comentarios mas comunes que vamos a encontrar o utilizar son los del estilo de C++ de las doble barra (//) Este tipo de comentarios se aplican a una línea en particular desde su ubicación hasta el final de la línea, esto significa que podemos utilizarlos tanto al comienzo como en cualquier parte de la línea. Los ejemplos de abajo ilustran lo expuesto.


//Sumamos dos números
c = a + b;

c = a + b; //Sumamos dos numeros

El tercer tipo de comentarios son los comentarios de documentación XML. Aprenderemos más sobre esta poderosa característica mas adelante en este tutorial. Básicamente son comentarios pensados en describir las características de nuestros métodos, tipos retornados y parámetros recibidos para de tal forma que con una herramienta se colecte esta información para generar documentación a partir de estos comentarios especiales.

Los comentarios son una técnica muy poderosa si se utilizan bien. Una de las claves para tener éxito con los comentarios es agregar el propósito de
una determinada línea de código mas que la descripción de lo que la línea de código hace. Código bien escrito es código bien comentado. Mas de una vez nos sorprendemos de volver sobre código que escribimos hace no mucho y nos preguntamos cual fue el propósito de escribirlo de esa forma. Los comentarios también serán útiles para los pobres desdichados que deban leer nuestro código, por lo tanto no debemos escatimar esfuerzos en lograr un buen equilibrio entre cantidad y calidad de comentarios en nuestras aplicaciones.


Console
La última línea de nuestro programa de ejemplo es la que realiza todo el trabajo

System.Console.WriteLine("Hola Mundo!");

Lo primeros que tenemos que decir es que se trata de una aplicación de consola. Las aplicaciones de consola corren en una ventana de consola usualmente llamada una consola DOS. La consola es nuestro monitor y la aplicación simplemente escribe en la consola, por ello, en el monitor.

Las aplicaciones de consola son muy simples, con poco o nada de soporte para Interfaces Gráficas de Usuario (GUI). En los primeros capítulos de este tutorial vamos a realizar un uso intensivo de este tipo de aplicaciones de consola ya que nos permiten enfocarnos en las nociones del lenguaje sin tener que lidiar con las complicaciones de las interfaces de usuario.

Para este ejemplo diremos que C# maneja su consola a través del objeto Console. WriteLine es uno de los métodos de este objeto, el cual recibe un string como parámetro y su función es, como ya adivinaron, escribir en la consola (nuestro monitor)

Namespaces
Otra de las cosas que notamos es que Console esta precedida por System. System es el espacio de nombres (namespace) donde reside la clase Console. La librería de clases del framework de .NET posee miles de clases sumamente útiles. Cada clase posee un número de métodos. Los espacios de nombre ayudan a organizar de forma ordenada el agrupamiento de clases afines. Accedemos a las clases dentro de un namespace de la misma forma que invocamos un metodo dentro de una clase, con el operador punto (.). De esta forma accedemos a System.Console o bien System.Console.WriteLine("")

En la próxima entrada veremos un resumen de conceptos claves de este capítulo I, como así también preguntas y respuestas relacionadas a los temas expuestos.